Publications Updated May 2026

Beyond Power Spectra: Cross-Frequency Interactions in Generative Dynamics

Amir Mehrpanah, Mohammed Al-Jaff, Matteo Gamba, Hossein Azizpour

We demonstrate that cross-frequency interactions, rather than standard marginal spectral statistics, are essential for characterizing and distinguishing the learned dynamics of deep generative models.

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Improving Adversarial Robustness of Attribution via Implicit Regularization

Amir Mehrpanah, Matteo Gamba, Hossein Azizpour

We analyze attribution robustness in CNNs and ViTs, showing that SGD can improve robustness of gradient-based attribution, while attention-based attribution requires kernelized attention for such gains.

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On the Complexity-Faithfulness Trade-off of Gradient-Based Explanations

Amir Mehrpanah, Matteo Gamba, Kevin Smith, Hossein Azizpour

The paper proposes a spectral framework to analyze the smoothness–faithfulness trade-off in ReLU network explanations, formalizes the resulting explanation gap, and provides principled regularization with empirical validation.

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Toward a Principled Theory of XAI via Spectral Analysis

Amir Mehrpanah, Matteo Gamba, Hossein Azizpour

The position paper argues that spectral analysis provides a principled theoretical foundation for understanding and navigating the ante-hoc versus post-hoc trade-offs in explainable AI.

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On Spectral Properties of Gradient-based Explanation Methods

Amir Mehrpanah, Erik Englesson, Hossein Azizpour

The paper introduces a probabilistic—spectral framework for analyzing deep network explanations, exposes gradient-induced spectral bias, and proposes principled remedies validated empirically.

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